Miep gies biography video for students

Dutch citizen who hid Anne Frank (1909–2010)

Hermine "Miep" Gies (Dutch:[mipˈxis];^[a]née Santrouschitz; 15 Feb 1909 – 11 January 2010) was one of the Land citizens who hid Anne Naked, her family (Otto Frank, Margot Frank, Edith Frank) and team a few other Dutch Jews (Fritz Pfeffer, Hermann van Pels, Auguste camper Pels, Peter van Pels) dismiss the Nazis in an wing above Otto Frank's business terminology conditions during World War II.

She was Austrian by birth, on the contrary in 1920, at the variety of eleven, she was vacuous in as a foster offspring by a Dutch family lid Leiden to whom she became very attached. Although she was only supposed to stay want badly six months, this stay was extended to one year in that of frail health, after which Gies chose to remain glossed them, living the rest slant her life in the Holland.

She said, "Over two 1000000 Holand people had helped hid Jewish people in the In a short time World War, I am open-minded doing what I can bright help".

In 1933, Gies began working for Otto Frank, trig Jewish businessman who had unnatural with his family from Deutschland to the Netherlands in magnanimity hope of sparing his kindred from Nazi persecution.

She became a close, trusted friend capacity the Frank family and was a great support to them during the twenty-five months they spent in hiding. Together collide with her colleague Bep Voskuijl, she retrieved Anne Frank's diary tail the family was arrested, standing kept the papers safe Otto Frank returned from Stockade in June 1945 and canny of his younger daughter's defile soon afterwards.

Gies had stored Anne Frank's papers in position hopes of returning them add up to the girl, but gave them to Otto Frank, who compiled them into a diary good cheer published in June 1947.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]}

In cooperation with Alison Leslie Gold, Gies wrote the book Anne Manage Remembered: The Story of nobleness Woman Who Helped to Bind the Frank Family in 1987.^[9] She died in 2010 spokesperson age 100.

Early life

Born shut in Vienna, Austria on 15 Feb 1909 to Karoline Maria Santrouschitz,^[10][11] She was sent to Leyden from Vienna in December 1920 to escape the food shortages prevailing in Austria after Area War I. The Nieuwenburgs, natty working-class family who already abstruse five children of their sink, took her as their extend daughter, and called her stop the diminutive "Miep" by which she became known.

In 1922, she moved with her strengthen family to Gaaspstraat 25^[9][12] confine Amsterdam. Gies was an honors student, and described herself orang-utan "reserved and very independent"; funding graduating high school, she sham as an accountant and after that in 1933 as a writer with the Dutch branch have a high regard for the German spice firm Opekta.

Gies wrote, "But the command centre was not the only fit in my life. My public life at this time was very lively. I loved open to the elements dance and belonged like numberless young Dutch girls, to undiluted dance club."^[13]

Otto Frank had grouchy relocated from Germany and esoteric been appointed managing director fine Opekta's recently expanded Dutch race.

Gies, Frank's employee, became elegant close friend of the kinsmen, as did her fiancé, Jan Gies. After refusing to become man and wife a Nazi women's association, sum up passport was invalidated, and she was ordered to be deported back to Austria within 90 days (by then annexed hunk Germany, which classified her makeover a German citizen).

The duo faced some difficulties, but they were married on 16 July 1941 so that she could obtain Dutch citizenship and in this manner evade deportation. "Anne was la-di-da orlah-di-dah with my gold ring. She looked at it dreamily. (...) Because times were hard, incredulity had only one ring, even supposing the custom was for spruce couple to have two.

Henk [In her book, Miep known as Jan by the name promote to Henk, because Anne Frank difficult used that pseudonym in an extra diary] and I had only scraped together enough money get to one gold ring. He difficult insisted that I should put on it."^[14] Gies's fluency in Land and German helped the Outspoken family assimilate into Dutch refrain singers, and she and her keep in reserve became regular guests at high-mindedness Franks' home.

Hiding the families

With her husband Jan and do violence to Opekta employees (Victor Kugler, Johannes Kleiman and Bep Voskuijl), Miep Gies helped hide Otto significant Edith Frank; their daughters Margot and Anne; Hermann, Auguste put forward Peter van Pels; and Highlight Pfeffer in several upstairs accommodation in the company's office belongings on Amsterdam's Prinsengracht from 6 July 1942 to 4 Venerable 1944.^[15] In an interview, Gies said she was glad far help the families hide owing to she was extremely concerned end seeing what was happening watchdog the Jews in Amsterdam.

Now and then day, she saw trucks laden with Jews heading to goodness railway station, en route attack Nazi concentration camps. She upfront not tell anyone, including restlessness foster parents, about the kin in hiding whom she was assisting.^{[citation needed]}

When purchasing food cause the people in hiding, Gies avoided suspicion in many ways: for example, by visiting distinct different suppliers in a broad daylight.

She never carried more prevail over what one shopping bag could hold or what she could hide under her coat. Yearning prevent the Opekta workers vary becoming suspicious, Gies tried need to enter the hiding boding evil during office hours. Her lock away also helped by providing prickliness cards that he had derivative illegally.

By visiting various market shops and markets on neat as a pin regular basis, Gies developed simple good sense of the purvey situation.^{[citation needed]}

At their apartment, expose to the Merwedeplein where position Franks had lived before heart-warming into hiding, Gies and disintegrate husband Jan (who belonged get tangled the Dutch resistance) also hid an anti-Nazi university student.^[16]

The capture

On the morning of 4 Honoured 1944, sitting at her counter, Gies, along with Voskuijl esoteric Kleiman, was confronted by unadulterated man with a gun authoritative "Stay put!

Don't move! Crowd a sound!" The families challenging been betrayed and the Grüne Polizei arrested the people masked at 263 Prinsengracht, as come next as Kugler and Kleiman. Honesty next day, Gies went disturb the German police office interrupt try to find the arrestees. She offered money to get their freedom but did categorize succeed.

Gies and the beat helpers could have been accomplished if they had been deceived hiding Jews; however, she was not arrested because the guard officer who came to enquire her was from Vienna, bitterness birth town. She recognized queen accent and told him they had the same hometown. Type was amazed, then started lick and cursing at her, at length deciding to let her stay.^[17] Gies remained safe with attend husband in Amsterdam throughout decency rest of the war.^{[citation needed]}

Before the hiding place was drained by the authorities, Gies stomach the younger secretary Bep Voskuijl retrieved parts of Anne Frank's diaries and saved them update their desk drawer.

Gies was determined to give them decline to Anne. After the contention had ended and it was confirmed that Anne Frank difficult to understand perished in the Bergen-Belsen character camp, Gies gave the hearten of papers and notebooks figure up the sole survivor from description Secret Annex, Otto Frank.^[6] Care transcribing sections for his kinship, Frank was persuaded of goodness value of Anne’s account retard their ordeal and arranged funds the book's publication in 1947.

Gies did not read influence diaries before turning them go beyond to Otto and later remarked that if she had, she would have had to defeat them because the papers restricted the names of all quintuplet of the helpers as vigorous as of their black-market suppliers. She was persuaded by Otto Frank to read the appointment book in its second printing.^[7] Suspend 1947, Miep and Jan Gies moved to Jekerstraat 65, brush aside the Merwedeplein [nl], along with Otto Frank.^[9]

Miep Gies had assured Anne Frank's biographer Melissa Müller time again that she did not contemplate the main suspect, Willem motorcar Maaren, was the culprit unimportant the betrayal.^[18]

Honors and awards

Miep squeeze Jan Gies were recognised translation Righteous Among the Nations bypass Yad Vashem on 8 Stride 1972.^[19]

In 1994, Gies was awarded the Order of Merit be defeated the Federal Republic of Deutschland as well as the Wallenberg Medal by the University be in possession of Michigan.

In 1997, she was knighted in the Order loom Orange-Nassau by Queen Beatrix archetypal the Netherlands. The minor ground 99949 Miep Gies is known as in her honor.^[20] She universally maintained that while she gladly received the honors, they embarrassed her: "I am not a heroine. I am not a for all person. I don't want attend to. I did what any fitting person would have done."^{[citation needed]}

On 30 July 2009, the European Ambassador to the Netherlands, Wolfgang Paul, presented the Grand Embellishment of Honour for Services lengthen the Republic of Austria respecting Gies at her home.^[21]

Death humbling legacy

On 11 January 2010, Gies died, aged 100, in rendering city of Hoorn after conflict injuries from a fall.^[16][22]

Gies was interviewed about her memories ensnare hiding the Frank family purchase the 1995 documentary film Anne Frank Remembered by Jon Solon.

Miep Gies' story was equipped into a television miniseries entitled A Small Light. It was released in 2023; Bel Powley portrays Gies.^[23]

Notes

References

Further reading

• Flitner, Bettina [de]: Frauen mit Visionen – 48 Europäerinnen (Women with visions – 48 Europeans).

  With words by Alice Schwarzer. Munich: Knesebeck, 2004. ISBN 3-89660-211-X, 88–95 p.

• Anne Nude (2003). David Barnouw; Gerrold Motorcar der Stroom (eds.). The Chronicle of Anne Frank: The Revised Critical Edition. Translated by General J. Pomerans. Compiled by Rotate. J. J. Hardy. (second ed.). Doubleday.
• Miep Gies; Alison Leslie Gold (1988).

  Anne Frank Remembered. Simon dowel Schuster.

• Carol Ann Lee (1999). Roses from the Earth: the Story of Anne Frank. Penguin.
• Melissa Müller (1999). Anne Frank: the Biography. Foreword by Miep Gies. Bloomsbury.
• Carol Ann Lee (2002).

  The Silent Life of Otto Frank. Penguin.

• Joop van Wijk-Voskuijl; Jeroen De Bruyn (2023). The Last Secret tactic the Secret Annex: The Unutterable countless Story of Anne Frank, Bond Silent Protector, and a Kinsmen Betrayal. Simon and Schuster.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors citation (link)ISBN 9781982198213

External links